Kidney function is reported as a single number, and that number is calculated rather than measured — which is where genetics, and an argument about race in medicine, both come in.
Why this topic The equation used to estimate it was changed in 2021 to remove a race coefficient, which is one of the few times a clinical formula has been rewritten on an argument about who it was fitted to.
Solid lines are connections this site curates. Dashed lines mean the two ends share a research paper — worth knowing, and not a claim that one explains the other.
Counted in Europe PMC, where the title or abstract names both this topic and that rsID. The number is papers, not evidence of a cause.
SHROOM3
Renal function and chronic kidney disease
11 papers →UMOD
Renal function-related traits (sCR)
4 papers →TGFB1
Colorectal cancer
4 papers →ACE
Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity
4 papers →ALDH2
Alcohol flush reaction
4 papers →GCKR
Uric acid levels
4 papers →SLC2A9
Urate levels
3 papers →MTHFR
Folate metabolism (MTHFR C677T)
3 papers →AGER
Pulmonary function
3 papers →SLCO1B1
Statin muscle-side-effect risk
3 papers →LPA
Parental lifespan (LPA, lipoprotein(a))
2 papers →CPS1
Plasma homocysteine levels (post-methionine load test)
2 papers →SLC2A9
Urate levels
2 papers →CYP2C19
CYP2C19 *2 — clopidogrel activation
2 papers →ICAM1
Soluble ICAM-1
2 papers →F5
Blood clotting risk (Factor V Leiden)
2 papers →APOA5
Triglyceride levels
2 papers →CYP1A2
Caffeine metabolism
2 papers →CHRNA3
Smoking behavior
1 paper →PGPEP1
Growth differentiation factor-15 levels
1 paper →DCDC5
Renal function-related traits (BUN)
1 paper →TRPM6
Magnesium levels
1 paper →FTO
Body mass index (SNP x SNP interaction)
1 paper →CYP2C19
CYP2C19 *17 — increased enzyme activity
1 paper →PDILT
Urinary uromodulin levels
1 paper →TERC
Telomere length
1 paper →KIAA0350
Type 1 diabetes
1 paper →MC4R
Waist circumference and related phenotypes
1 paper →SLC2A9
Urate levels
1 paper →NLRC5
HDL cholesterol
1 paper →GIPR
Obesity
1 paper →MTHFR
Folate metabolism (MTHFR A1298C)
1 paper →BCHE
Cardiovascular disease risk factors
1 paper →ADIPOQ
Adiponectin levels
1 paper →C12orf51
Renal function-related traits (BUN)
1 paper →KCNQ1
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →KCNQ1
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →GC
Vitamin D levels
1 paper →PSCA
Bladder cancer
1 paper →MEIS1
Restless legs syndrome
1 paper →KCNQ1
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →BCL11A
Mean corpuscular volume
1 paper →TERT
Lung adenocarcinoma
1 paper →DARC / ACKR1
Duffy blood group (malaria resistance)
1 paper →SLC22A2
Creatinine levels
1 paper →LPA
Coronary heart disease
1 paper →BTBD9
Restless legs syndrome
1 paper →APOE
LDL cholesterol
1 paper →SLC2A9
Metabolic traits
1 paper →SHROOM3
Glomerular filtration rate
1 paper →CYP2C19
CYP2C19 *3 — clopidogrel activation
1 paper →SLC22A12
Urate levels
1 paper →EDN1
Circulating vasoactive peptide levels
1 paper →PLTP
Triglycerides
1 paper →GCKR
Crohn's disease
1 paper →TCF7L2
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →FTO
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →SLC7A9
Urinary metabolites
1 paper →JAZF1
Type 2 diabetes
1 paper →PGPEP1
Growth differentiation factor-15 levels
1 paper →VKORC1
Warfarin sensitivity
1 paper →FTO
Obesity-related traits
1 paper →FTO
Menarche (age at onset)
1 paper →Europe PMC, title and abstract only, searched for “kidney function”, “chronic kidney disease”, “glomerular filtration rate” alongside each published rsID. Full text was not counted: it returns every paper with an rsID buried in a supplementary table. Recounted monthly.