Each page covers one condition properly: what it actually is and what it feels like, what causes it, how common it really is and in whom, and how it's diagnosed — followed by the specific variants with a replicated link to it, and, where the research supports it, how genetics can change the way a medicine behaves.
Written in two registers so one page serves both readers: plain language first, then a clinical detail section with the precise terminology, effect sizes and diagnostic thresholds. Every claim is sourced from freely-available published research and cited on the page, so you can check us — or hand the page to your doctor. 385 conditions so far, growing continuously, and free to reuse with attribution (CC BY 4.0).
How much people drink is a heritable, continuously measured behavior — five studies between 2011 and 2019 trace the field from a first candidate-gene finding to a 480,842-person meta-analysis, distinct from the clinical diagnosis of alcohol use disorder.
Read more → TraitA 2017 study of over 200,000 people used tonsillectomy history as one of 23 infection-related traits studied together, finding genes in immunity and embryonic development linked to susceptibility.
Read more → TraitTwo 2010 studies found the genetics behind PR interval and QRS duration — two standard ECG measurements of how electricity travels through the heart — sharing sodium-channel genes with each other and with atrial fibrillation risk.
Read more → TraitA 2010 study found central corneal thickness — a highly heritable measurement taken alongside every eye-pressure check — linked to collagen and connective-tissue genes including COL5A1 and ZNF469.
Read more → TraitA 2018 study broke neuroticism apart into its 12 individual questionnaire items and studied each one's genetics separately — "irritable mood" is one of them, and it turns out not to be genetically identical to the rest of neuroticism.
Read more → TraitA 2019 study of 95,380 Japanese men found 46 genetic loci shaping how likely white blood cells are to lose their Y chromosome with age — a common, age-related mosaic change, not something present at birth.
Read more → TraitA 2015 whole-genome sequencing study found variants in SYN2 and PDE8B linked to TSH levels, the pituitary hormone that regulates the thyroid — common variants together explain at least 20% of how much TSH varies between people. Three larger studies since, reaching 482,873 people, raised the count to 74 TSH loci and tied higher TSH to a lower risk of thyroid cancer.
Read more → TraitA 2016 study of 27,581 people over 65 found one variant on chromosome 8 genome-wide-significantly linked to grip strength — a widely used clinical marker of aging and frailty, not a disease itself.
Read more → TraitTwo studies, two methods: a 2018 MTAG analysis found 187 loci by borrowing power from educational-attainment data, and a second 2018 study tested general cognitive function directly in 300,486 people and found 148. Both are population-level statistical results in one ancestry, not an individual test.
Read more → MusculoskeletalPlantar fasciitis is the common cause of stabbing heel pain worst with the first steps of the day — a 2018 study of over 100,000 people's genotypes found one variant near WWP2 that modestly raises the odds of it.
Read more → NeurologicalA rare cerebral vasculopathy that narrows the brain's major arteries and can cause stroke in children or young adults — a 2018 GWAS found 10 new risk loci, and one surprising signal tied to homocysteine metabolism rather than the disease's usual dominant gene.
Read more → ImmunologicAn inflammatory disease of unknown cause that forms tiny clusters of immune cells in organs, most often the lungs — a 2016 fine-mapping study found its genetics concentrate overwhelmingly in the MHC region, and differ measurably between its two main clinical presentations.
Read more → PharmacogenomicDarapladib failed both of its phase 3 trials and was never approved — but re-analyzing the trial genetics found real gene-by-treatment interactions, including one locus where the same allele that raises risk on placebo is protective on the drug.
Read more → BehaviouralThe largest genetic study of drinking to date, in 274,424 people, found that how much someone drinks and whether they develop a use disorder are related but genetically separable — heavy drinking is a risk factor, not a sufficient cause.
Read more → AutoimmuneGraves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis look like opposites clinically — one over-active, one under-active — but a 2012 study found genetic risk they share, including one locus also linked to celiac disease.
Read more → AutoimmuneAn autoimmune disease that dries out the glands that make tears and saliva — a 2013 study of over 4,000 people found the strongest genetic signal ever measured in the condition, at the HLA region, alongside two more confirmed loci.
Read more → AutoimmuneThe most common chronic rheumatic disease in children — a 2020 study combined genetic analysis across its several clinical subtypes and found 5 genome-wide significant risk loci, all represented on this page.
Read more → NeurologicalHuntington's disease itself comes from one well-known cause, a CAG-repeat expansion in HTT — this page is about something narrower: one variant found to shift the age symptoms begin, and only in the same Venezuelan family cluster whose DNA first mapped HTT itself, in 1983.
Read more → EndocrineThe most common benign tumor of the female reproductive tract, and the leading reason for hysterectomy — genetics shows it shares real biological ground with a second, very different-looking condition: endometriosis.
Read more → AutoimmuneEczema and psoriasis share much of their genetics at the same handful of positions — but the risk alleles there point in opposite directions, which is part of why the two diseases almost never occur in the same person.
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One diagnosed condition or measurable trait covered properly: what it actually is, what causes it, how common it is, how it is diagnosed, and the specific variants with a replicated link to it — every claim sourced from published research.
No. Every page here is informational, not a diagnosis. A result should be discussed with a doctor or a licensed genetic counselor, never acted on alone.
Because they are not disorders. Height, ABO blood group and a handful of others describe a measurable characteristic with nothing to diagnose — "Trait" says so plainly instead of implying a disease that is not one.
Only after a replicated association in published research, verified against the primary study rather than a gene name or a marketing claim — the same discipline the variant pages themselves follow.