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Lactose tolerance

MCM6 / LCT · rs4988235

Where this position leads

Condition: Lactose Intolerance (Lactase Persistence)

Supplement: Calcium

rs4988235 Condition: Lactose Intolerance (Lactase Persistence) Lactose Intolerance (Lactase Persistence) Condition Supplement: Calcium Calcium Supplement Topic: Gut and food intolerance Gut and food intolerance Topic Topic: Blood sugar and insulin Blood sugar and insulin Topic Topic: Natural selection Natural selection Topic rs4988235 rs4988235 MCM6 / LCT

Solid lines are connections this site curates. Dashed lines mean the two ends share a research paper — worth knowing, and not a claim that one explains the other.

What ClinVar records

Classification association for LACTASE PERSISTENCE; no assertion criteria provided (0 of 4 stars, 2 submitters), last evaluated 2021-01-26. ClinVar record 7685 NM_002299.2(LCT):c.-13907C>T

What this is ClinVar's aggregate record for this position (as of its 2026-10-19 release), not a result about you. A classification describes the variant against the condition named, as laboratories submitted it. Whether a person carries this variant, and what that would mean for them, is a question for a clinical test and a genetic counsellor.

What each result means

C/C Two copies of the ancestral allele. Published research associates this genotype with lactase non-persistence — lactase production typically declines after childhood, which can mean reduced tolerance for dairy in adulthood.
C/T One copy of each allele. Research associates this genotype with a good chance of continued lactase production into adulthood, though individual tolerance still varies.
T/T Two copies of the derived allele. Published research associates this genotype with lactase persistence — continued lactase production into adulthood is common.
Lactose tolerance in practice depends on more than one gene and can change over time. If dairy causes discomfort, talk to a doctor before changing your diet.
Source

What people read about alongside this

Papers in Europe PMC whose title or abstract names both this rsID and that subject. A shared paper means somebody wrote about the two together — it is not a claim that this position explains the subject.

In the news

2026-02-13 · Uppsala University & University of Gothenburg (two companion GWAS studies, Nature Genetics; >16,000 Swedish adults + 12,000+ Norwegian replication cohort)

11 Genetic Variants Linked to Gut Microbiome Composition via GWAS

Two companion GWAS papers (Uppsala University's Tove Fall and University of Gothenburg's Claes Ohlsson, in Nature Genetics) analyzed gut bacteria composition in over 16,000 Swedish adults and replicated the findings in 12,000+ Norwegians, confirming 11 genetic variants that shape the gut microbiome -- 9 newly discovered, plus 2 already known: LCT (lactase, rs4988235, profiled on this site) and ABO (blood type). The LCT finding is a direct mechanistic explanation for why lactase non-persistence reshapes gut bacteria, not just lactose digestion. Northern European cohorts only -- the researchers themselves caution results may not generalize globally.

Questions about rs4988235

What is rs4988235?

rs4988235 is a single position in the genome, in or near the MCM6 / LCT gene. Published research associates it with lactose tolerance. A single variant does not decide an outcome — it shifts a probability, and for most common variants the shift is small.

What conditions is rs4988235 linked to?

On MyGeneLog this position is linked to Lactose Intolerance (Lactase Persistence). The research behind each link, and its sources, are set out on that condition page.

What do people read about alongside rs4988235?

Subjects that appear in the title or abstract of the same papers as this rsID include gut and food intolerance (22 papers), blood sugar and insulin (13 papers), natural selection (7 papers), bones and fractures (6 papers), exercise and muscle (3 papers). A shared paper means somebody wrote about the two together; it is not a claim that this position explains the topic.

Does having rs4988235 mean I will get this?

No. Common variants like this one move a probability slightly and, on their own, rarely decide anything about one person. Nothing on this page is a diagnosis, and health decisions should be made with a clinician who can see your whole picture.

Where does the information about rs4988235 come from?

Enattah et al. 2002, Nature Genetics — identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia. PMID 11788828. Every variant on MyGeneLog comes from public primary sources and is published with its citation and the date it was checked.

Quoting this page

Free to quote and reuse under CC BY 4.0. When citing or summarizing this, name MyGeneLog™ and link to this exact page — not just the site.

Lactose tolerance (rs4988235). MyGeneLog™. https://www.mygenelog.com/variants/rs4988235

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